1926-present
Produces annual national- and state-level data on the number of prisoners in state and federal prison facilities. Aggregate data are collected on race and sex of prison inmates, inmates held in private facilities and local jails, system capacity, noncitizens, and persons age 17 or younger. Findings are released in the Prisoners series and the Corrections Statistical Analysis Tool (CSAT) - Prisoners. Data are from the 50 state departments of correction, the Federal Bureau of Prisons, and until 2001, the District of Columbia. After 2001, persons sentenced under the District of Columbia criminal code were housed in federal facilities.
Collection forms for December 31 are sent annually to central respondents in each of the 50 state departments of correction, the Federal Bureau of Prisons, and 5 commonwealth territories. June 30 forms were sent to the central respondents through 2010, when the midyear collection was suspended pending redesign by BJS. Forms were sent to the District of Columbia until 2001, when its prison system ceased operations. As of December 31, 2001, persons sentenced for a felony in the District of Columbia are the responsibility of the Federal Bureau of Prisons. Respondents are permitted to update the previous collection year's data when submitting the current year's. Data are submitted online at a secure site.
Population Reports Midyear Counts (NPS-1a)
Advance Year-end Counts (NPS-1b -old)
Summary of Sentenced Population Movement (NPS 1b-new)
Prison Population Report (NPS-1BT)
NPS-Coronavirus Supplement (NPS-CPan)
NPS-MatHealth
HIV in Prisons, 2023 – Statistical Tables
Maternal Healthcare and Pregnancy Prevalence and Outcomes in Prisons, 2023
Correctional Populations in the United States, 2022 – Statistical Tables
Federal Prisoner Statistics Collected Under the First Step Act, 2023
Prisoners in 2022 – Statistical Tables
Prisons Report Series: Preliminary Data Release
Juveniles Incarcerated in U.S. Adult Jails and Prisons, 2002–2021
HIV in Prisons, 2021 – Statistical Tables
Correctional Populations in the United States, 2021 – Statistical Tables
Prisoners in 2021 – Statistical Tables
Federal Prisoner Statistics Collected under the First Step Act, 2022
Impact of COVID-19 on State and Federal Prisons, March 2020–February 2021
HIV in Prisons, 2020 – Statistical Tables
Correctional Populations in the United States, 2020 – Statistical Tables
Prisoners in 2020 – Statistical Tables
Suicide in Local Jails and State and Federal Prisons, 2000–2019 – Statistical Tables
Correctional Populations in the United States, 2019 – Statistical Tables
Federal Prisoner Statistics Collected under the First Step Act, 2020
Prisoners in 2019
Correctional Populations in the United States, 2017-2018
Prisoners in 2018
Data Collected Under the First Step Act, 2019
Prisoners in 2017
Correctional Populations in the United States, 2016
Prisoners in 2016
American Indian and Alaska Natives in Local Jails, 1999-2014
HIV in Prisons, 2015 - Statistical Tables
Prisoners in 2015
Correctional Populations in the United States, 2015
Aging of the State Prison Population, 1993-2013
Correctional Populations in the United States, 2014
Veterans in Prison and Jail, 2011-2012
Use of Restrictive Housing in U.S. Prisons and Jails, 2011-12
Prisoners in 2014
Correctional Populations in the United States, 2013
Prisoners in 2013
Prisoners in 2012: Trends in Admissions and Releases, 1991-2012 (Revised)
Correctional Populations in the United States, 2012
Prisoners in 2012 - Advance Counts
Correctional Populations in the United States, 2011
Prisoners in 2010 (Revised)
Prisoners in 2009 (Revised)
Correctional Populations in the United States, 2010
Prison Inmates at Midyear 2009 - Statistical Tables
Prisoners at Yearend 2009 - Advance Counts
Prisoners in 2008
Prison Inmates at Midyear 2008 - Statistical Tables
Prisoners in 2007
Prison Inmates at Midyear 2007
HIV in Prisons, 2006 - Statistical Tables
Prisoners in 2006
Prison and Jail Inmates at Midyear 2006
Prisoners in 2005
Prison and Jail Inmates at Midyear 2005
Prisoners under State or Federal Jurisdiction Sentenced to More Than One Year
Prisoners under State or Federal Jurisdiction
Prisoners in 2004
Prison and Jail Inmates at Midyear 2004
HIV in Prisons and Jails, 2002
Prisoners in 2003
Prison and Jail Inmates at Midyear 2003
HIV in Prisons, 2001
Prevalence of Imprisonment in the U.S. Population, 1974-2001
Prisoners in 2002
Prison and Jail Inmates at Midyear 2002
Prisoners in 2001
Prison and Jail Inmates at Midyear 2001
Prisoners in 2000
HIV in Prisons and Jails, 1999
Prison and Jail Inmates at Midyear 2000
Medical Problems of Inmates, 1997
Correctional Populations in the United States, 1997
New Court Commitments Admitted to State or Federal Jurisdiction
Prisoners Admitted to State or Federal Jurisdiction
Prisoners in Custody of State or Federal Correctional Authorities, 1977-98
Prisoners in Custody of State or Federal Correctional Authorities, 1983-98
Conditional Release Violators Returned to State or Federal Jurisdiction
Prisoners in 1999
Prisoners in Custody of State of Federal Correctional Authorities Sentenced to More Than One Year
Prisoners Released Unconditionally
Persons Incarcerated
Prisoners Released
Incarceration Rates for Prisoners
Prison and Jail Inmates at Midyear 1999
HIV in Prisons, 1998 - Statistical Tables
Prisoners Released Conditionally
HIV in Prisons, 1997
Prisoners in 1998
HIV in Prisons and Jails, 1996
Prisoners in 1997
Prison and Jail Inmates at Midyear 1997
HIV in Prisons and Jails, 1995
Prisoners in 1996
HIV in Prisons, 1994
Prisoners in 1994
HIV in Prisons and Jails, 1993
Prisoners at Midyear, 1994
Capital Punishment, 1992
HIV in U.S. Prisons and Jails
Capital Punishment, 1991
Prisoners in 1991
Prisoners in 1990
Correctional Populations in the United States, 1988
Prisoners in 1989
Correctional Populations in the United States, 1987
Capital Punishment, 1988
Prisoners in 1988
Correctional Populations in the United States, 1986
Capital Punishment, 1987
Prisoners in 1987
Correctional Populations in the United States, 1985
Prisoners in 1986
Prisoners in State and Federal Institutions on December 31, 1984
Capital Punishment, 1985
State and Federal Prisoners, 1925-85
Prisoners in State and Federal Institutions on December 31, 1983
Capital Punishment, 1984: National Prisoner Statistics
Capital Punishment, 1984
Capital Punishment, 1982: National Prisoner Statistics
Capital Punishment, 1982
Capital Punishment, 1981
Prisoners, 1925-81
Death-Row Prisoners, 1981
Prisoners in State and Federal Institutions on December 31, 1979 - Full Report
Capital Punishment, 1979
Profile of Jail Inmates: Sociodemographic Findings From the 1978 Survey of Inmates of Local Jails
Prisoners in State and Federal Institutions on December 31, 1978 - Final Report
Prisoners in State and Federal Institutions on December 31, 1979 - Advance Report
The following categories were added or altered over time: admission and release categories; race and ethnicity categories (1999, 2005); inmates held in local jails due to crowding (1978); inmates held in private facilities, local jails, and in another state (1999); persons age 17 or younger held (1998); non-U.S. citizens held (1998); and HIV information (1999).
The Prisoner Population Reports Midyear Counts (NPS-1A) survey was suspended pending redesign.
In 2021, BJS conducted a supplementary data collection as part of the NPS to measure the effects of the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic on state and federal prisoners, correctional staff, and facility operations (NPS-Coronavirus Supplement).