U.S. Department of Justice Office of Justice Programs Bureau of Justice Statistics Bulletin Prisoners in 2004 October 2005, NCJ 210677 -------------------------------------------------------------- This file is text only without graphics and many of the tables. A Zip archive of the tables in this report in spreadsheet format (.wk1) and the full report including tables and graphics in .pdf format are available from: http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/abstract/p04.htm This report is one in a series. More recent editions may be available. To view a list of all in the series go to http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/pubalp2.htm#Prisoners -------------------------------------------------------------- By Paige M. Harrison and Allen J. Beck, Ph.D. BJS Statisticians --------------------------------------------- Highlights The Nation's prison population rose 1.9% in 2004 During 2004 -- * Ten States had increases of at least 5%, led by Minnesota (up 11.4%), Idaho (up 11.1%), and Georgia (up 8.3%). * Eleven States experienced prison population decreases, led by Alabama (down 7.3%), Rhode Island (down 2.8%), New York (down 2.2%), and Maryland (down 2.1%). * The number of inmates under State jurisdiction increased by 20,759 inmates (1.6%). The number under Federal jurisdiction increased 7,269 (4.2%). * Inmates in private facilities increased 3.3% (from 95,707 at yearend 2003 to 98,901 at yearend 2004). * Federal inmates held in private facilities increased 13.3% to 24,768. On December 31, 2004 -- * Local jails housed 74,378 State and Federal inmates (5.0% of all prisoners). * State prisons were between 1% below capacity and 15% above; Federal prisons were operating at 40% above capacity. * Women were 7.0% of all inmates, up from 6.1% in 1995. * About half of male State prison inmates were serving time for a violent crime, compared to a third of female inmates. Females were more likely to have a drug offense(31.5%) compared to males (20.7%). * About 8.4% of black males between ages 25 and 29 were in State or Federal prison, compared to 2.5% of Hispanic males and 1.2% of white males in the same age group. --------------------------------------------- The total number of prisoners under the jurisdiction of Federal or State adult correctional authorities was 1,496,629 at yearend 2004. During the year the States added 20,759 prisoners and the Federal prison system added 7,269 prisoners. Overall, the Nation=s prison population grew 1.9%, which was less than the average annual growth of 3.2% since yearend 1995. The rate of incarceration in prison at yearend 2004 was 486 sentenced inmates per 100,000 U.S. residents -- up from 411 in 1995. About 1 in every 109 men and 1 in every 1,563 women were sentenced prisoners under the jurisdiction of State or Federal authorities. Overall, the United States incarcerated 2,267,787 persons at yearend 2004. This total represents persons held in -- -- Federal and State prisons (1,421,911, which excludes State and Federal prisoners in local jails) -- territorial prisons (15,757) -- local jails (713,990) -- facilities operated by or exclusively for the Bureau of Immigration and Customs Enforcement (9,788) -- military facilities (2,177) -- jails in Indian country (1,826 as of midyear 2003) -- juvenile facilities (102,338 as of October 2002). 1 in every 138 U.S. residents in prison or jail at yearend 2004 On December 31, 2004, 1,421,911 inmates were in the custody of State and Federal prison authorities, and 713,990 were in the custody of local jail authorities. (Custody is defined on page 11.) During 2004 the total incarcerated population increased 54,321, or 2.6% -- less than the average annual increase since 1995 (3.4%). Including inmates in public and privately operated facilities, the number in State prisons increased 1.8% during 2004; the number in Federal prisons, 5.5%; and in local jails, 3.3%. The rate of incarceration in prison and jail was 724 inmates per 100,000 residents in 2004, up from 601 in 1995. At yearend 2004, 1 in every 138 U.S. residents were incarcerated in State or Federal prison or a local jail. U.S. prison population rose 1.9% during 2004 In 2004 the growth in the number of inmates under State or Federal jurisdiction (1.9%) was less than the percentage increase recorded for 2003 (2.0%). (Jurisdiction is defined on page 11.) The population under the jurisdiction of State and Federal authorities increased by 28,028 inmates during 2004, smaller than the increase in 2003 (up 28,457). Since December 31, 1995, the U.S. prison population has grown an average of 46,220 inmates per year (3.2%). The Federal prison population totaled 180,328 at yearend 2004, up from 173,059 at yearend 2003. About 12% of all prisoners held were serving time in the Federal system. ----------------------------------------- At yearend 2004 15,757 inmates held in U.S. Territories The U.S. Territories and Commonwealths -- American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, and Virgin Islands -- reported 15,757 inmates in the custody of their prison systems at yearend 2004, a decrease of 4.5% since 2003. Prisoners with a sentence of more than 1 year totaled 12,185 (more than three-quarters of the total territorial prison population). Relative to the resident populations in the Territories, the rate of incarceration was 283 prisoners per 100,000 residents. Of the 5 Territories, the U.S. Virgin Islands had the highest prison incarceration rate(392 inmates per 100,000 residents), followed by Puerto Rico (with 292). Puerto Rico, the largest of the Territories, also held the largest number of sentenced prisoners, 11,374 at yearend 2004. ------------------------------------------------ 10 States reported increases of at least 5% during 2004; 11 States had decreases Between January 1 and December 31, 2004, Minnesota experienced the largest increase in prison population (up 11.4%), followed by Idaho (up 11.1%), Georgia (up 8.3%), and Nevada (up 7.8%). Eleven States experienced a decline. Alabama had the largest decline (down 7.3%), followed by Rhode Island (down 2.8%), New York (down 2.2%), and Maryland (down 2.1%). In absolute numbers, four jurisdictions grew by at least 2,000 inmates during 2004. The Federal system (up 7,269), experienced the largest growth, followed by Georgia (up 3,896), Florida (up 3,521), and California (up 2,069). Alabama and New York had the largest drop in inmates(down 2,026 and 1,447, respectively). Overall, the number of inmates under jurisdiction in the West grew 2.5%, followed by that in the South (2.1%) and the Midwest (1.3%). The number of inmates declined in the Northeast (down 1.4%). In the same period the Federal system grew 4.2%. The prison incarceration rate reached 486 per 100,000 residents in 2004, up from 411 in 1995 Eleven States exceeded the national prison incarceration rate of 486 per 100,000 residents, led by Louisiana (816), Texas (694), Mississippi (669), and Oklahoma (649). Eight States, including Maine (148), Minnesota (171), and Rhode Island (175), had rates that were less than half the national rate. Since 1995 the sentenced inmate population in State prisons has had an average growth of 3.1% per year. During this period 16 States had an average annual growth of at least 5%, led by North Dakota (up 9.6%), Wisconsin (up 8.5%), and West Virginia (up 8.2%). Between 1995 and 2004 the Federal system grew an average of 7.4% per year, an average annual increase of 8,386 inmates. During 2004 the number of female prisoners rose 4.0%-- more than twice the 1.8%-increase among men During 2004 the number of women under the jurisdiction of State or Federal prison authorities increased 4.0% The number of men in prison rose 1.8%. At yearend 2004, 104,848 women and 1,391,781 men were in prison. From 1995 to 2004 the annual growth of the female inmate population averaged 4.8%, higher than the 3.1% increase in male inmate population. By yearend 2004 women accounted for 7.0% of all prisoners, up from 6.1% in 1995 and 5.7% in 1990. Relative to their number in the U.S. resident population, men were over 14 times more likely than women to be incarcerated in a State or Federal prison. At yearend 2004 there were 64 sentenced female inmates per 100,000 women in the United States, compared to 920 sentenced male inmates per 100,000 men. Since 1995 the total number of male prisoners has grown nearly 32%; the number of female prisoners, 53%. At yearend 2004, 1 in every 1,563 women and 1 in every 109 men were incarcerated in a State or Federal prison. Over a third of female prisoners held in the 3 largest jurisdictions Texas (13,958), the Federal system (12,164), and California (11,188) held more than a third of all female inmates. Oklahoma (129 sentenced female inmates per 100,000 female residents), Mississippi (107), and Louisiana (103) had the highest female incarceration rates. States with the lowest female incarceration rates were concentrated in the Northeast -- Rhode Island and Massachusetts (each with 11 sentenced female prisoners per 100,000 female residents), and Maine and New Hampshire (both with 18). Eleven States had an average annual increase of more than 10% between 1995 and 2004, led by North Dakota (18.0%), Montana (17.4%), and West Virginia (15.1%). During this period the State female prison population increased an average of 4.7% per year; the Federal female prison population increased 5.7% per year. Privately operated prisons held 6.6% of State and Federal inmates in 2004 At yearend 2004, 34 States and the Federal system reported a total of 98,901 prisoners held in privately operated facilities. Private facilities held 5.6% of all State prisoners and 13.7% of Federal prisoners. Among States, Texas (with 16,668 State inmates housed in private facilities) and Oklahoma (with 5,905) reported the largest populations in 2004. Six States had at least 25% of their prison population housed in private prisons, led by New Mexico(42%), Alaska(31%), Montana (30%), Wyoming and Hawaii(both 28%), and Oklahoma(25%). At yearend 2004, 8.1% of State inmates in the South and 6.4% in the West were in privately operated facilities, compared to 2.0% in the Northeast and 1.4% in the Midwest. Since yearend 2000 the number of Federal inmates in private facilities has increased 60%, while the number held in State facilities has decreased 1.3%. As a percentage of all inmates under State and Federal jurisdiction, the number held in private facilities has remained stable (6.6%). In 2004 local jails held 5% of State and Federal prisoners At the end of 2004, 32 States and the Federal system reported a total of 74,378 State and Federal prisoners held in jails or other facilities operated by county or local authorities. These inmates held in local jails represented 5% of all prisoners in 2004. Louisiana had the largest percentage of its State inmate population housed in local jails (47%). Four other States -- led by Kentucky (29%) and Tennessee (25%) -- had at least a fifth of their population housed in local jail facilities. About 85% of prisoners held in local jails were in the South (62,966). Overall, the South held 10.5% of prisoners in local jails, followed by the West(1.8%), the Midwest (1.3%), and the Northeast (0.9%). From yearend 2000 to 2004 the number of Federal inmates held in local jails declined by about 50%, while the number of State inmates in local jails rose about 20%. 24 States and Federal system prisons at or above highest capacity To estimate the capacity of their prisons, jurisdictions were asked to supply three measures for capacity at yearend 2004: rated, operational, and design capacities. These measures were defined as follows: Rated capacity is the number of beds or inmates assigned by a rating official to institutions within the jurisdiction. Operational capacity is the number of inmates that can be accommodated, based on a facility's staff, existing programs, and services. Design capacity is the number of inmates that planners or architects intended for the facility. Twenty-one jurisdictions gave only 1 measure or the same figure for each measure. For the 28 jurisdictions with more than 1 reported type of capacity, estimates of population as a percent of capacity are based on the highest and lowest figures provided. At yearend 2004, 25 States reported operating below 100% of their highest capacity, and 24 States and the Federal prison system, at 100% or more of their highest capacity. Mississippi, at 74% of its highest capacity, reported the lowest percent of capacity occupied. Alabama, 105% over lowest reported capacity, had the highest percent of capacity occupied. At yearend 2004 the Federal prison system was operating at 40% over capacity. Overall, State prisons were operating between 99% of their highest capacity and 115% of their lowest capacity. 60% of State and Federal inmates black or Hispanic at yearend 2004 At yearend 2004 black inmates represented an estimated 41% of all inmates with a sentence of more than 1 year, while white inmates accounted for 34% and Hispanic inmates, 19%. Although the total number of sentenced inmates rose sharply (up 32% between 1995 and 2004), the racial and Hispanic composition of the inmate population changed only slightly. At yearend 2004 black males (551,300) outnumbered white males (449,300) and Hispanic males (260,600) among inmates with a sentence of more than 1 year. More than 40% of all sentenced male inmates were black. Comparisons with previous estimates of inmates by race and Hispanic origin are complicated by new collection practices. Following guidelines provided by the Office of Management and Budget, estimates in 2004 were made separately for persons identifying with one race (97.1%) and those identifying with two or more races (2.9%). Adoption of these guidelines reduced the number and percentage of inmates identified as non- Hispanic white and black. An estimated 8.4% of black males, age 25-29, in prison in 2004 When incarceration rates are estimated separately by age group, black males in their twenties and thirties are found to have high rates relative to other groups. Expressed in terms of percentages, 8.4% of black males age 25 to 29 were in prison on December 31, 2004, compared to 2.5% of Hispanic males and about 1.2% of white males in the same age group. Although incarceration rates drop with age, the percentage of black males age 45 to 54 in prison in 2004 was still nearly 3.3% -- higher than the highest rate (2.5%) among Hispanic males (age 25 to 29)and more than twice the highest rate (1.2%) among white males (age 25 to 29). Female incarceration rates, though substantially lower than male incarceration rates at every age, reveal similar racial and ethnic disparities. Black females (with an incarceration rate of 170 per 100,000) were more than twice as likely as Hispanic females (75 per 100,000) and 4 times as likely as white females (42 per 100,000) to be in prison on December 31, 2004. These differences among white, black, and Hispanic females were consistent across all age groups. Violent offenders made up half of State prisoners in 2002 In absolute numbers, an estimated 624,900 inmates in State prison at yearend 2002 (the latest available data) were held for violent offenses: 148,300 for murder, 170,900 for robbery, 116,900 for assault, and 142,000 for rape and other sexual assaults. In addition, 253,000 inmates were held for property offenses, 265,000 for drug offenses, and 87,500 for public-order offenses. Overall, the proportion of violent offenders increased from 46.5% in 1995 to 50.5% in 2002. Property offenders decreased from about 23% in 1995 to 20.4% in 2002; drug offenders remained stable around 21%. Offenses of State prisoners varied by gender, race, and Hispanic origin About half of male State prisoners were serving time for a violent offense in 2002, compared to a third of female prisoners. Women were more likely to be serving time for property and drug offenses (28.7% and 31.5%, respectively) than males (19.9% and 20.7%). Offense types also varied by race and Hispanic origin. Approximately half of white, black, and Hispanic State inmates were violent offenders. White prisoners were more likely to be serving time for a property offense (26.4%), compared to blacks (17.6%) and Hispanics (15.7%). Drug offenders made up a larger portion of Hispanic State inmates (27.4%) than of black inmates (25.1%) or white inmates (14.8%). Changing Federal prison population related to drug and immigration offenses Prisoners sentenced for drug offenses constituted the largest group of Federal inmates (55%) in 2003, down from 60% in 1995. On September 30, 2003, the date of the latest available data in the Federal Justice Statistics Program, Federal prisons held 86,972 sentenced drug offenders, compared to 52,782 at yearend 1995. Between 1995 and 2003 the number of Federal inmates held for public-order offenses increased 170%, most of which was the increase in immigration offenses (up 394%). The number of immigration offenders rose from 3,420 in 1995 to 16,903 in 2003. Immigration violators represented over 10% of Federal inmates in 2003. The number of weapons offenders held in Federal prisons increased about 120% (from 7,446 to 16,377)between 1995 and 2003 and represented about 10% of the inmate population in 2003. Violent offenders under Federal jurisdiction increased 46% from 1995 to 2003, and accounted for almost 8% of the total growth during the period. Homicide offenders increased 146%, from 1,068 in 1995 to 2,632 in 2003. While the number of offenders in each major offense category increased, the number incarcerated for a drug offense accounted for the largest percentage of the total growth(49%), followed by public-order offenders (38%). ------------------------------------------ The number of Immigration and Customs detainees dropped 19% during 2004 The U.S. Bureau of Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), reported 19,057 detainees on December 31, 2004, down from 23,514 at yearend 2003. Nearly two-thirds of these detainees(11,570) were held in Federal and State prisons and local jails, and about a third were held in ICE-operated facilities (4,545) and private facilities under exclusive contract to the ICE (1,678). The number of detainees under ICE jurisdiction more than doubled between 1995 and 2004. This increase most affected State prisons, local jails, and other facilities maintaining intergovernmental agreements with ICE; they held 11,570 detainees in 2004, up from 2,286 in 1995. Among the 19,057 ICE detainees for immigration violations at yearend 2004, 10,931 had been convicted of criminal offenses, and 1,402 had pending criminal cases (not shown in table). Detainees convicted of violent offenses (32.1%) and drug offenses (30.1%) constituted the largest groups under ICE jurisdiction, followed by property offenses (15.5%) and public-order offenses (14.1%). --------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------- Number of prisoners held by military authorities nearly unchanged during 2004 There were 2,177 prisoners under military jurisdiction at yearend 2004. Fifty-nine percent of the prisoners held by the Army, Air Force, Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard had sentences of 1 year or more. At yearend 2004 the Army's Disciplinary Barracks, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, and five other local or regional Army facilities held the largest share of inmates under military jurisdiction (46%). The 11 Navy facilities held 30% of all inmates; the 6 Marine Corps facilities held 19% of all inmates; and the 34 Air Force facilities held 5% of all inmates. The operational capacity of the 56 military confinement facilities was 3,290 (not shown in a table). At yearend 2004 these facilities were operating at 66% of their operational capacity. About 88% of prisoners held by the Army, Air Force, Navy, and Marine Corps were convicted inmates; 12% were unconvicted persons. ---------------------------------------------- Methodology National Prisoner Statistics The Bureau of Justice Statistics(BJS), with the U.S. Census Bureau as its collection agent, obtains yearend and midyear counts of prisoners from departments of correction in each of the 50 States and the Federal Bureau of Prisons. The National Prisoner Statistics(NPS)distinguishes prisoners in custody from those under jurisdiction. To have custody of a prisoner, a State must hold that person in one of its facilities. To have jurisdiction means that a State has legal authority over the prisoner. Prisoners under a State=s jurisdiction may be in the custody of a local jail, another State's prison, or other correctional facility. Some States are unable to provide both custody and jurisdiction counts. Excluded from NPS counts are persons confined in locally administered confinement facilities who are under the jurisdiction of local authorities. NPS counts include all inmates in State-operated facilities in Alaska, Connecticut, Delaware, Hawaii, Rhode Island, and Vermont, which have combined jail- prison systems. NPS excludes inmates held by the District of Columbia (DC), which as of yearend 2001 operated only a jail system. Military Corrections Statistics BJS obtains yearend counts of prisoners in the custody of U.S. military authorities from the Department of Defense Corrections Council. In 1994 the council, comprised of representatives from each branch of military service, adopted a standardized report (DD Form 2720) with a common set of items and definitions. This report gives data on persons held in U.S. military confinement facilities inside and outside the continental United States, by branch of service, gender, race, Hispanic origin, conviction status, sentence length, and offense. It also has data on the number of facilities, and their design and rated capacities. Other inmate counts In 1995 BJS began collecting yearend counts of prisoners from the departments of correction in the U.S. Territories (American Samoa, Guam, and U.S. Virgin Islands) and U.S. Commonwealths (Northern Mariana Islands and Puerto Rico). These counts include all inmates for whom the Territory or Commonwealth government had legal authority (inmates under jurisdiction) and all inmates physically located in prison or jail facilities (inmates in custody). These counts are collected by gender, race, Hispanic origin, and sentence length. In addition, BJS obtains reports of the total design, rated, and operational capacity of correctional facilities. Estimating age-specific incarceration rates The number of sentenced prisoners within each group was estimated for men, women, whites, blacks, and Hispanics. In 2004 estimates were produced separately for inmates under State jurisdiction by combining data by gender from NPS and advance data from the 2003-04 Survey of Inmates in State Correctional Facilities. The Federal Justice Statistics Program (FJSP) provided counts of sentenced Federal inmates by age for each demographic group at the end of fiscal year 2003. The NPS provided counts of sentenced Federal inmates by gender at yearend 2004 and counts by race and Hispanic origin at midyear 2004. The FJSP counts were converted to percentages and multiplied by the NPS totals at yearend 2004. Estimates of the U.S. resident population for July 1, 2004, by age, gender, race and Hispanic origin were obtained from the U.S. Census Bureau. Age-specific rates of incarceration for each demographic group were calculated by dividing the estimated number of sentenced prisoners in each age group by the number of U.S. residents in each age group and then multiplying by 100,000. Detailed categories exclude persons identifying with two or more races. Totals by gender include all inmates and U.S. residents, regardless of racial identification. ------------------------------------------- The Bureau of Justice Statistics is the statistical agency of the U.S. Department of Justice. Lawrence A. Greenfeld is the director. BJS Bulletins present the first release of findings from permanent data collection programs such as the National Prisoner Statistics. Paige M. Harrison and Allen J. Beck wrote this report. Jennifer C. Karberg and Timothy A. Hughes provided statistical assistance and verification. Tom Hester and Carolyn C. Williams edited the report. Jayne Robinson administered final production. Data collection and processing for the NPS program were carried out by Theresa M. Reitz and Pamela H. Butler under the supervision of Charlene M. Sebold, Governments Division, Census Bureau, U.S. Department of Commerce. Lauren E. Glaze and Christopher J. Mumola collected and processed data on prisoners in the U.S. Territories, in U.S. military facilities, and in facilities operated by or for the Bureau of Immigration and Customs Enforcement. October 2005, NCJ 210677 ------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------- This report in portable document Format and in ASCII, its tables, and Related statistical data are available At the BJS World Wide Web InInternetite: ------------------------------------------- NPS jurisdiction notes Alaska -- Prisons and jails form one integrated system. All NPS data include jail and prison populations. Counts exclude individuals in electronic and special monitoring programs. Arizona -- Population counts are based on custody data. Counts exclude 55 sentenced inmates housed in contracted local jail facilities, some awaiting transfer to the DOC. The definition of operational capacity has changed to include temporary beds and double bunks used in situations of crowding. California -- Population counts include felons and civil addicts who are temporarily absent, such as in court, jail or hospital. Colorado -- Population counts include 214 male and 1 female inmate in the Youthful Offender System. Capacity figures exclude 6 privately run facilities under contract with the Department of Corrections. Connecticut -- Prisons and jails form one integrated system. All NPS data include jail and prison populations. Legislation in 1995 abolished the capacity law so that prisons no longer have a rated or operational capacity. Design capacity is recorded separately in each facility. Delaware -- Prisons and jails form one integrated system. All NPS data include jail and prison populations. Jurisdiction counts exclude inmates housed in facilities in other States. Capacity counts include Department of Correction halfway houses. Federal -- Custody counts include inmates housed in privately operated secure facilities under contract with BOP or with State or local government that has an intergovernmental agreement. Custody counts exclude offenders under home confinement. Rated capacity excludes contract beds. Georgia -- Population counts are based on custody data, including inmates in privately operated facilities. Facilities in Georgia are not given rated or design capacities. Hawaii -- Prisons and jails form one integrated system. All NPS data include jail and prison populations. Idaho -- Rated capacity is defined as 100% of the maximum capacity; operational capacity as 95% of the maximum (except in one facility which is 100%). Illinois -- Population counts are based on jurisdiction data. Counts of inmates with a sentence of more than 1 year include an undetermined number with a sentence of 1 year. Iowa -- Population counts are based on custody data. Counts of inmates with a sentence of more than 1 year include an undetermined number with a sentence of 1 year or less. Kansas -- Population counts of inmates with a sentence of more than 1 year include an undetermined number with a sentence of 1 year or less. Louisiana -- Counts are as of December 29, 2004. Counts include 16,069 males and 1,400 females housed in local jails as a result of a partnership with the Louisiana Sheriffs' Association and local authorities. Massachusetts -- By law, offenders may be sentenced to terms of up to 2½ years in locally operated jails. Such offenders are included in counts and rates for local jails. About 6,200 inmates with sentences of more than 1 year were held in local jails in 2004. Michigan -- Operational capacity includes institution and camp net capacities and populations in community programs. Minnesota -- Custody numbers include ICE and U.S. Marshal contract prisoners. Mississippi -- Operation and design capacities include private prison capacities. Missouri -- Design capacities are not available for older prisons. Operational capacity is defined as the number of available beds including those temporarily off-line. Montana -- Counts include 278 inmates under intensive supervision in the community. Capacity figures include 2 county operated regional prisons (an estimated 300 beds), 1 private prison (500 beds), and a State operated boot camp (60 beds). Nebraska -- Operational capacity is defined as stress capacity (or 125% of design capacity), which is ordered by the governor and set by the Department of Corrections. Nevada -- Rated capacity is defined as emergency capacity. Design capacity is defined as one bed per cell. New Jersey -- Population counts of inmates with a sentence of more than 1 year include an undetermined number with a sentence of 1 year. New Mexico -- Operational capacity includes the maximum number of contracted beds in private facilities. North Carolina -- Capacity figures refer to standard operating capacity, based on single occupancy per cell and 50 square feet per inmate in multiple occupancy units. Ohio -- Population counts of inmates with a sentence of more than 1 year include an undetermined number with a sentence of 1 year or less. Oklahoma -- Population counts of inmates with a sentence of more than 1 year include an undetermined number with a sentence of 1 year. Capacity figures include private prisons and contract jails. Oregon -- Inmates with under a 1 year maximum sentence remain under the control of local counties. Rhode Island -- Prisons and jails form one integrated system. All NPS data include jail and prison populations. Custody numbers for 2003 and 2004 are not comparable. South Carolina -- Population counts include 60 inmates who were unsentenced, under safekeeping, or ICE status. South Dakota -- Operational capacity is planned capacity. Rated and design capacities are not recognized. Tennessee -- Population counts of inmates with a sentence of more than 1 year include an undetermined number with a sentence of 1 year. Texas -- Jurisdiction counts include inmates serving time in a pre-parole transfer (PPT) or intermediary sanctions facility (ISF), substance abuse felony punishment facility (SAFPF), temporary releases to counties, and paper-ready inmates in local jails. Capacity figures include public, privately operated, and county contracted facilities that are State funded. Non-contracted county jail beds are excluded. Vermont -- Prisons and jails form one integrated system. All NPS data include jail and prison populations. Virginia -- Rated capacity is the DOC count of beds, which takes into account the number of inmates that can be accommodated based on staff, programming, services, and design. Washington -- A recently revised law allows increasing numbers of inmates with sentences of less than 1 year to be housed in prison. Wisconsin -- Operational capacity excludes contracted local jails, Federal, other State, and private facilities. End of file 10/17/05 ih