U.S. Department of Justice Office of Justice Programs Bureau of Justice Statistics Bulletin Prisoners in 2003 November 2004, NCJ 205335 ----------------------------------------------------------------- This file is text only without graphics and many of the tables. A Zip archive of the tables in this report in spreadsheet format (.wk1) and the full report including tables and graphics in .pdf format are available from: http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/abstract/p03.htm This report is one in a series. More recent editions may be available. To view a list of all in the series go to http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/pubalp2.htm#Prisoners ----------------------------------------------------------------- By Paige M. Harrison and Allen J. Beck, Ph.D. BJS Statisticians ----------------------------------------------------------------- Highlights * During 2003, 11 States had increases of at least 5%, led by North Dakota (up 11.4%), Minnesota (up 10.3%), and Montana (up 8.9%). * During 2003, 11 States experienced prison population decreases, led by Connecticut (down 4.2%), New York (down 2.8%), Michigan (down 2.4%), and New Jersey (down 2.3%). * In 2003 the number of inmates under State jurisdiction increased by 20,370 inmates (1.6%), less than the growth in 2002 (2.4%). * The Federal Bureau of Prisons increased by over 9,500 inmates (5.8%). The Federal system is the largest prison system. * At yearend 2003 privately operated facilities housed 95,522 inmates (5.7% of State and 12.6% of Federal inmates); local jails housed 73,343 State and Federal inmates (5.0% of all prisoners). * On December 31, 2003, State prisons were estimated to be at capacity to 16% above capacity; Federal prisons were operating at 39% above capacity. * At yearend 2003, 101,179 women were in State or Federal prisons -- 6.9% of all prison inmates. * Among the more than 1.4 million sentenced inmates at yearend 2003, an estimated 403,165 were black males between the ages of 20 and 39. At yearend 2003, 9.3% of black males age 25 to 29 were in prison, compared to 2.6% of Hispanic males and 1.1% of white males in the same age group. * In 2003 an estimated 388,700 sentenced State and Federal inmates were between ages 40 and 54, up from 236,000 in 1995. These inmates accounted for about 46% of the total growth (324,258) in the sentenced prison population since 1995. --------------------------------------------- The total number of prisoners under the jurisdiction of Federal or State adult correctional authorities was 1,470,045 at yearend 2003. During the year the States added 20,370 prisoners and the Federal prison system added 9,531 prisoners. Overall, the Nation's prison population grew 2.1%, which was less than the average annual growth of 3.4% since yearend 1995. The rate of incarceration in prison at yearend 2003 was 482 sentenced inmates per 100,000 U.S. residents -- up from 411 in 1995. About 1 in every 109 men and 1 in every 1,613 women were sentenced prisoners under the jurisdiction of State or Federal authorities. Overall, the United States incarcerated 2,212,475 persons at yearend 2003. This total represents persons held in -- --Federal and State prisons (1,387,848, which excludes State and Federal prisoners in local jails) -- territorial prisons (16,494) -- local jails (691,301) -- facilities operated by or exclusively for the Bureau of Immigration and Customs Enforcement, formerly the U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service (10,323) -- military facilities (2,165) -- jails in Indian country (2,006 as of midyear 2002) -- juvenile facilities (102,338 as of October 2002). 1 in every 140 U.S. residents in prison or jail at yearend 2003 On December 31, 2003, 1,387,848 inmates were in the custody of State and Federal prison authorities, and 691,301 were in the custody of local jail authorities. (Custody is defined on page 10.) Since yearend 2002 the total incarcerated population has increased by 52,600, or 2.6% -- less than the average annual increase since 1995 (3.5%). Including inmates in public and privately operated facilities, the number of inmates in State prisons increased 1.4% during 2003; the number in Federal prisons, 6.6%; and in local jails, 3.9%. The rate of incarceration in prison and jail was 714 inmates per 100,000 residents in 2003, up from 601 in 1995. At yearend 2003, 1 in every 140 U.S. residents were incarcerated in State or Federal prison or a local jail. U.S. prison population rose 2.1% during 2003 In 2003 the growth in the number of inmates under State or Federal jurisdiction (2.1%) was less than the percentage increase recorded for 2002(2.6%). (Jurisdiction is defined on page 10.) The population under the jurisdiction of State and Federal authorities increased by 29,901 inmates during 2003, smaller than the increase in 2002 (up 36,112). Since December 31, 1995, the U.S. prison population has grown an average of 43,266 inmates per year (3.4%). The Federal prison population totaled 173,059 at yearend 2003, up from 163,528 at yearend 2002. Most of the Federal prison growth occurred in the first half of the year (up 4.2% between January 1 and June 30). The population rose 1.5% in the second half of 2003 -- a rate more than twice that of State prisoners (up 0.7%). ------------------------------------------------------------------- At yearend 2003 16,494 inmates held in U.S. Territories The U.S. Territories and Commonwealths -- American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, and Virgin Islands -- reported 16,494 inmates in the custody of their prison systems at yearend 2003, an increase of 1.8% since 2002. Prisoners with a sentence of more than 1 year totaled 12,532 (more than three-quarters of the total territorial prison population). Relative to the resident populations in the Territories, the rate of incarceration was 292 prisoners per 100,000 residents. Of the 5 Territories, the U.S. Virgin Islands had the highest prison incarceration rate (338 inmates per 100,000 residents), followed by Puerto Rico (with 301). Puerto Rico, the largest of the Territories, also held the largest number of sentenced prisoners, 11,667 at yearend 2003. ------------------------------------------------------------------- 11 States reported increases of at least 5% during 2003; 11 States had decreases Between January 1 and December 31, 2003, North Dakota experienced the largest increase in prison populations (up 11.4%), followed by Minnesota (10.3%), Montana (up 8.9%), and Wyoming (up 7.8%). Eleven States experienced a decline. Connecticut had the largest decline (down 4.2%), followed by New York (down 2.8%), Michigan (down 2.4%), and New Jersey (down 2.3%). In absolute numbers of inmates, 4 jurisdictions grew by at least 2,000 inmates during 2003. The Federal system (up 9,531), experienced the largest growth, followed by Texas (up 4,908), Florida (up 4,384), and California (up 3,126). New York and Michigan had a drop of at least 1,000 inmates (down 1,867 and 1,233, respectively). Overall, the number of inmates under jurisdiction in the West grew 2.9%, followed by those in the South (2.2%) and the Midwest (0.8%). The number of inmates declined in the Northeast (down 1.5%). In the same period the Federal system grew 5.8%. The prison incarceration rate reached 482 per 100,000 residents in 2003, up from 411 in 1995 Eleven States exceeded the national prison incarceration rate of 482 per 100,000 residents, led by Louisiana (801), Mississippi (768), Texas (702),and Oklahoma (636). Nine States, including Maine (149), Minnesota (155), and North Dakota (181), had rates that were less than half the national rate. Since 1995 the sentenced inmate population in State prisons has averaged a growth of 3.3% per year. During this period 15 States had an average annual growth of at least 5%, led by North Dakota (up 9.8%), Oregon (up 8.7%), and West Virginia (up 8.3%). Between 1995 and 2003 the Federal system grew an average of 7.7% per year, an average annual increase of 8,532 inmates. The number of female prisoners increased 3.6% -- higher than that of men, 2.0% -- during 2003 During 2003 the number of women under the jurisdiction of State or Federal prison authorities increased by 3.6%. The number of men in prison rose 2.0%. At yearend 2003, 101,179 women and 1,368,866 men were in prison. Since 1995 the annual rate of growth of the female inmate population averaged 5.0%, higher than the 3.3% increase in male inmate population. By yearend 2003 women accounted for 6.9% of all prisoners, up from 6.1% in 1995 and 5.7% in 1990. Relative to their number in the U.S. resident population, men were almost 15 times more likely than women to be incarcerated in a State or Federal prison. At yearend 2003 there were 62 sentenced female inmates per 100,000 women in the United States, compared to 915 sentenced male inmates per 100,000 men. Since 1995 the total number of male prisoners has grown 29%; the number of female prisoners, 48%. At yearend 2003, 1 in every 1,613 women and 1 in every 109 men were incarcerated in a State or Federal prison. Over a third of female prisoners held in the 3 largest jurisdictions Texas (13,487), the Federal system (11,635), and California (10,656) held more than a third of all female inmates. Mississippi (134 sentenced female inmates per 100,000 female residents), Oklahoma (127), and Louisiana (104) had the highest female incarceration rates. States with the lowest female incarceration rates were concentrated in the Northeast -- Rhode Island (10 sentenced female prisoners per 100,000 female residents), Massachusetts (12), and Maine and New Hampshire (both with 18). Twelve States had an average annual increase of more than 10% between 1995 and 2003, led by North Dakota (18.5%), Montana (17.9%), and Maine (16.7%). During this period the State female prison population increased an average of 4.9% per year; the Federal female prison population increased 5.8% per year. Privately operated prisons held 6.5% of State and Federal inmates in 2003 At yearend 2003, 30 States and the Federal system reported a total of 95,649 prisoners held in privately operated facilities. Private facilities held 5.7% of all State prisoners and 12.6% of Federal prisoners. Among States,Texas (with 16,570 State inmates housed in private facilities) and Oklahoma (with 6,022) reported the largest number in 2003. Six States had at least 25% of their prison population housed in private prisons, led by New Mexico (44%), Alaska (31%), Montana (29%), and Oklahoma and Wyoming (both 26%). Except for Wisconsin (with over 8% of its State inmates in private facilities) and New Jersey (nearly 10%), the use of private facilities was concentrated among Southern and Western States. At yearend 2003, 8.2% of State inmates in the South and 6.0% in the West were in privately operated facilities, compared to 1.8% in the Northeast and 2.0% in the Midwest. Since yearend 2000 the number of Federal inmates held in private facilities has increased nearly 42%, while the number held in State facilities has decreased 1.8%. As a percentage of all inmates under State and Federal jurisdiction, the number held in private facilities has remained stable (6.5%). In 2003 local jails held 5% of State and Federal prisoners At the end of 2003, 32 States and the Federal system reported a total of 73,343 State and Federal prisoners held in local jails or other facilities operated by county or local authorities. These inmates held in local jails represented 5% of all prisoners in 2003. Louisiana had the largest percentage of its State inmate population housed in local jails (46%). Four other States -- led by Tennessee (25%) and Kentucky (24%) -- had at least a fifth of their population housed in local jail facilities. Over four-fifths of prisoners held in local jails were in the South (60,810). Overall, the South held 10.3% of prisoners in local jails, followed by the West (1.7%), the Northeast (1.1%), and the Midwest (1.0%). From yearend 2000 to 2003 the number of Federal inmates held in local jails rose 34.5%, while the number of State inmates in local jails rose 15.4%. Combined, the number of State and Federal inmates held in local jails grew by 10,203 (up 16.2%). 23 States and Federal system operate at or above highest capacity To estimate the capacity of their prisons, jurisdictions were asked to supply three measures for capacity at yearend 2003: rated, operational, and design capacities. These measures were defined as follows: Rated capacity is the number of beds or inmates assigned by a rating official to institutions within the jurisdiction. Operational capacity is the number of inmates that can be accommodated, based on a facility's staff, existing programs, and services. Design capacity is the number of inmates that planners or architects intended for the facility. Twenty-three jurisdictions gave only 1 measure or the same figure for each measure. For the 28 jurisdictions with more than 1 reported type of capacity, estimates of population as a percent of capacity are based on the highest and lowest figures provided. At yearend 2003, 27 States reported that they were operating below 100% of their highest capacity, and 22 States and the Federal prison system reported operating at 100% or more of their highest capacity. Mississippi, operating at 73% of its highest capacity, reported the lowest percent of capacity occupied. Alabama, 109% over lowest reported capacity, had the highest percent of capacity occupied. At yearend 2003 the Federal prison system was operating at 39% over capacity. Overall, State prisons were operating between 100% of their highest capacity and 16% above their lowest capacity. U.S. prison population is aging The Nation's prison population is becoming more middle-aged. In 2003 an estimated 388,700 sentenced inmates were between the ages of 40 and 54, compared to 236,000 in 1995. By yearend 2003, 28% of all inmates were in this age group, up from 22% in 1995. The rise in the number of inmates has been the largest among inmates age 45 to 54 (up 82,700) since 1995, followed by inmates age 40 to 44 (up 70,000). Combined, inmates between the ages of 40 and 54 accounted for more than 46% of the total growth in the U.S. prison population since 1995. Expressed in terms of percent change, the oldest age group, inmates age 55 or older, recorded the largest change -- an increase of 85% since 1995. Despite this rapid growth, the number of inmates age 55 or older relative to inmates in other age groups remains small, accounting for 4.3% of all inmates in 2003, up from 3.0% in 1995. An estimated 2,800 sentenced inmates were under age 18 on December 31, 2003, down from 4,800 at yearend 1995. Overall, fewer than 0.2% of all sentenced prisoners were under age 18 at yearend 2003. (For total counts, see Prison and Jail Inmates at Midyear 2003, NCJ 203947.) Underlying the increasing age of inmates has been a gradual rise in the age of State inmates at time of admission compounded by a sharp increase in time served in prison. In 2002 (the latest available data), the mean age of sentenced State inmates at time of admission was 33, compared with 31 in 1995, and the average time served among released inmates was 30 months, compared with 23 months in 1995. ----------------------------------------------------- Prisoners held by military authorities dropped 8.9% There were 2,165 prisoners under military jurisdiction at yearend 2003. Fifty-eight percent of the prisoners held by the Army, Air Force, Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard had sentences of 1 year or more. At yearend 2003 the Army's Disciplinary Barracks, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, and five other local or regional Army facilities held the largest share of inmates under military jurisdiction (45%). The 11 Navy facilities held nearly 30% of all inmates; the 6 Marine Corps facilities held 20% of all inmates; and the 34 Air Force facilities held 5% of all inmates. The operational capacity of the 57 military confinement facilities totaled 3,348 (not shown in a table). At yearend 2003 these facilities were operating at 65% of their operational capacity. About 87% of prisoners held by the Army, Air Force, Navy, and Marine Corps were convicted inmates; 13% were unconvicted persons. ------------------------------------------------------ More black males than white males among State and Federal inmates at yearend 2003 At yearend 2003 black inmates represented an estimated 44% of all inmates with sentences of more than 1 year, while white inmates accounted for 35% and Hispanic inmates, 19%. Although the total number of sentenced inmates rose sharply (up 30% between 1995 and 2003), there were small changes in the racial and Hispanic composition of the inmate population. At yearend 2003 black males (586,300) outnumbered white males (454,300) and Hispanic males (251,900) among inmates with sentences of more than 1 year. More than 44% of all sentenced male inmates were black. White females (39,107) outnumbered black females (35,050) and Hispanic females (16,172). About 42% of all sentenced female inmates were white. ------------------------------------------------------------- The number of Immigration and Customs detainees rose nearly 12% during 2003 The U.S. Bureau of Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), formerly the U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS), reported 23,514 detainees on December 31, 2003, up from 21,065 at yearend 2002. Nearly two-thirds of these detainees (15,044) were held in Federal and State prisons and local jails, and about a third were held in ICE-operated facilities (5,109) and private facilities under exclusive contract to the ICE (1,935). The number of detainees under ICE jurisdiction nearly tripled between 1995 and 2003. This increase most affected State prisons, local jails, and other facilities maintaining intergovernmental agreements with ICE; they held 15,044 detainees in 2003, up from 2,286 in 1995. Among the 23,514 ICE detainees for immigration violations at yearend 2003, 12,603 had been convicted of criminal offenses, and 1,961 had pending criminal cases (not shown in table). Detainees convicted of violent offenses (31.7%) and drug offenses (29.5%) constituted the largest groups under ICE jurisdiction, followed by property offenses (14.8%) and public-order offenses (14.7%). ---------------------------------------------------------------- An estimated 9% of black males, age 25-29, in prison in 2003 When incarceration rates are estimated separately by age group, black males in their twenties and thirties have high rates relative to other groups. Among black males age 25 to 29, 9.3% were in prison at yearend, compared to 2.6% of Hispanic males and about 1.1% of white males of the same age group. Although incarceration rates drop with age, the percentage of black males age 45 to 54 in prison in 2003 was nearly 3.5% -- higher than the highest rate (2.6%) for Hispanic males (age 25 to 29) and more than twice the highest rate (1.1%) for white males (age 25 to 29). (See Methodology for description of new estimation procedures.) Female incarceration rates, substantially lower than male incarceration rates at every age, reveal similar racial and ethnic disparities. Black females (with an incarceration rate of 185 per 100,000) were more than twice as likely as Hispanic females (84 per 100,000) and nearly 5 times more likely than white females (38 per 100,000) to be in prison on December 31, 2003. These differences among white, black, and Hispanic females were consistent across all age groups. Methodology National Prisoner Statistics The Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS), with the U.S. Census Bureau as its collection agent, obtains yearend and midyear counts of prisoners from departments of correction in each of the 50 States and the Federal Bureau of Prisons. The National Prisoner Statistics (NPS) distinguishes prisoners in custody from those under jurisdiction. To have custody of a prisoner, a State must hold that person in one of its facilities. To have jurisdiction means that a State has legal authority over the prisoner. Prisoners under a State's jurisdiction may be in the custody of a local jail, another State's prison, or other correctional facility. Some States are unable to provide both custody and jurisdiction counts. Excluded from NPS counts are persons confined in locally administered confinement facilities who are under the jurisdiction of local authorities. NPS counts include all inmates in State-operated facilities in Alaska, Connecticut, Delaware, Hawaii, Rhode Island, and Vermont, which have combined jail-prison systems. NPS excludes inmates held by the District of Columbia (DC), which as of yearend 2001 operated only a jail system. Counts of inmates held in DC jails are included in the Annual Survey of Jails. Military Corrections Statistics BJS obtains yearend counts of prisoners in the custody of U.S. military authorities from the Department of Defense Corrections Council. In 1994 the council, comprised of representatives from each branch of military service, adopted a standardized report (DD Form 2720) with a common set of items and definitions. This report gives data on persons held in U.S. military confinement facilities inside and outside the continental United States, by branch of service, sex, race, Hispanic origin, conviction status, sentence length, and offense. It also has data on the number of facilities, and their design and rated capacities. Other inmate counts In 1995 BJS began collecting yearend counts of prisoners from the departments of correction in the U.S. Territories (American Samoa, Guam, and U.S. Virgin Islands) and U.S. Commonwealths (Northern Mariana Islands and Puerto Rico). These counts include all sentenced and unsentenced inmates for whom the Territory or Commonwealth government had legal authority (inmates under jurisdiction) and all inmates physically located in prison or jail facilities (inmates in custody). These counts are collected by gender, race, Hispanic origin, and sentence length. In addition, BJS obtains reports of the total design, rated, and operational capacity of correctional facilities. Estimating age-specific incarceration rates The number of sentenced prisoners within each group was estimated for men, women, whites, blacks, and Hispanics. In 2003 for the first time, estimates were produced separately for inmates under State jurisdiction by combining data from NPS and the 2002 National Corrections Reporting Program (NCRP). The 2002 NCRP provided updated estimates by age that were previously obtained from the 1997 survey of Inmates in State Correctional Facilities. The following procedures were used: 1. The NCRP provided counts of State sentenced inmates by age, gender, race, and Hispanic origin. These counts were based on reports on characteristics of inmates held at yearend 2002 in 25 participating States, representing 81% of all inmates. 2. The Federal Justice Statistics Program (FJSP) provided counts of sentenced Federal inmates by age for each demographic group at the end of fiscal year 2002. 3. The NPS provided counts of sentenced State inmates by gender by race and Hispanic origin at midyear 2003. These counts were then converted to percentages and multiplied by the number of sentenced inmates by gender to obtain estimates of the number of sentenced State inmates on December 31. The FJSP counts were converted to percentages and multiplied by the NPS totals at yearend 2003. 4. Estimates of the U.S. resident population for July 1, 2002, by age, gender, race/Hispanic origin were obtained from the U.S. Census Bureau. These data were then updated, by adjusting to national estimates by gender for July 1, 2003. 5. Age-specific rates of incarceration for each demographic group were calculated by dividing the estimated number of sentenced prisoners in each age group by the number of U.S. residents in each age group and then multiplying by 100,000. NPS jurisdiction notes Alaska -- Prisons and jails form one integrated system. All NPS data include jail and prison populations. Counts exclude individuals in electronic and special monitoring programs. Arizona -- Population counts are based on custody data. Counts exclude 174 sentenced inmates housed in contracted local jail facilities, some awaiting transfer to the DOC. The definition of operational capacity has changed to include temporary beds and double bunks used in situations of crowding. California -- Population counts include felons and civil addicts who are temporarily absent, such as in court, jail or hospital. Colorado -- Population counts include 247 male and 8 female inmates in the Youthful Offender System. Capacity figures exclude 4 privately run facilities under contract with the Department of Corrections. Connecticut -- Prisons and jails form one integrated system. All NPS data include jail and prison populations. Legislation in 1995 abolished the capacity law so that prisons no longer have a rated or operational capacity. Design capacity is recorded separately in each facility. Delaware -- Prisons and jails form one integrated system. All NPS data include jail and prison populations. Jurisdiction counts exclude inmates housed in other State's facilities. Capacity counts include Department of Correction halfway houses. Federal -- Custody counts include inmates housed in privately operated secure facilities under contract with BOP or with State or local government that has an intergovernmental agreement. Custody counts exclude offenders housed under home confinement. Rated capacity excludes contract beds. Florida -- Population counts from December 31, 2002 based on custody data, including inmates in privately operated facilities, and are not comparable to 2003 numbers. Georgia -- Population counts are based on custody data, including inmates in privately operated facilities. Facilities in Georgia are not given rated or design capacities. Hawaii -- Prisons and jails form one integrated system. All NPS data include jail and prison populations. Idaho -- Rated capacity is defined as 100% of the maximum capacity; operational capacity as 95% of the maximum (except in one facility which is 100%). Illinois -- Population counts are based on jurisdiction data. Counts of inmates with a sentence of more than 1 year include an undetermined number with a sentence of 1 year. Iowa -- Population counts are based on custody data. Counts of inmates with a sentence of more than 1 year include an undetermined number with a sentence of 1 year or less. Kansas -- Population counts of inmates with a sentence of more than 1 year include an undetermined number with a sentence of 1 year or less. Louisiana -- Counts are as of December 29, 2003. Population counts include 15,173 males and 1,376 females housed in local jails as a result of a partnership with the Louisiana Sheriffs' Association and local authorities. Maryland -- Design capacity is no longer reported because of renovations and other changes. Operational capacity was estimated by applying a percentage to the population count on December 31, 2003. Massachusetts -- By law, offenders may be sentenced to terms of up to 2« years in locally operated jails. Such offenders are included in counts and rates for local jails. About 6,200 inmates with sentences of more than 1 year were held in local jails in 2003. Michigan -- Jurisdiction counts exclude 42 inmates held in local jails. Operational capacity includes institution and camp net capacities and populations in community programs. Mississippi -- Operation and design capacities include private prison capacities. Missouri -- Design capacities are not available for older prisons. Operational capacity is defined as the number of available beds including those temporarily off-line. Montana -- Counts include 263 inmates under intensive supervision in the community. Capacity figures include 2 county operated regional prisons (an estimated 300 beds), 1 private prison (500 beds), and a State operated boot camp (60 beds). Nebraska -- Operational capacity is defined as stress capacity (or 125% of design capacity), which is ordered by the governor and set by the Department of Corrections. Nevada -- Population counts are as of January 1, 2004. Rated capacity is defined as emergency capacity. Design capacity is defined as one bed per cell. Capacity figures include 643 beds now owned by the DOC exclusively for female inmates. New Jersey -- Population counts of inmates with a sentence of more than 1 year include an undetermined number with a sentence of 1 year. Rated and operational capacity figures are not maintained. New Mexico -- Operational capacity includes the maximum number of contracted beds in private facilities. North Carolina -- Capacity figures refer to standard operating capacity, based on single occupancy per cell and 50 square feet per inmate in multiple occupancy units. North Dakota -- Capacity figures account for double bunking in the State Penitentiary. Ohio -- Population counts of inmates with a sentence of more than 1 year include an undetermined number with a sentence of 1 year or less. Oklahoma -- Population counts of inmates with a sentence of more than 1 year include an undetermined number with a sentence of 1 year. Female count dropped significantly because DOC bought a private prison. Capacity figures include private prisons and contract jails. Oregon -- Inmates with under a 1 year maximum sentence remain under the control of local counties. Rated capacity is not recognized. Rhode Island -- Prisons and jails form one integrated system. All NPS data include jail and prison populations. South Carolina -- Population counts include 66 inmates either "unsentenced," or under safekeeping or ICC status. South Dakota -- Operational capacity is planned capacity. Rated and design capacities are not recognized. Tennessee -- Population counts of inmates with a sentence of more than 1 year include an undetermined number with a sentence of 1 year. Texas -- Jurisdiction counts include inmates serving time in a pre-parole transfer (PPT) or intermediary sanctions facility (ISF), substance abuse felony punishment facility (SAFPF), temporary releases to counties, and paper-ready inmates in local jails. Capacity figures include public, privately operated, and county contracted facilities that are State funded. Non-contracted county jail beds are excluded. Vermont -- Prisons and jails form one integrated system. All NPS data include jail and prison populations. Virginia -- Rated capacity is the DOC count of beds, which takes into account the number of inmates that can be accommodated based on staff, programming, services, and design. Washington -- A recently revised law allows increasing numbers of inmates with sentences of less than 1 year to be housed in prison. Wisconsin -- Operational capacity excludes contracted local jails, Federal, other State, and private facilities. -------------------------------------------------------------- The Bureau of Justice Statistics is the statistical agency of the U.S. Department of Justice. Lawrence A. Greenfeld is the director. BJS Bulletins present the first release of findings from permanent data collection programs such as the National Prisoner Statistics. Paige M. Harrison and Allen J. Beck wrote this report. Timothy A. Hughes provided statistical assistance and verification. Tom Hester and Carolyn C. Williams edited the report. Jayne Robinson administered final production. Data collection and processing for the NPS program were carried out by Pamela Butler under the supervision of Charlene Sebold, Governments Division, Census Bureau, U.S. Department of Commerce. Lauren E. Glaze collected and processed data on prisoners in the U.S. Territories, in U.S. military facilities, and in facilities operated by or for the Bureau of Immigration and Customs Enforcement. November 2004, NCJ 205335 E ----------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------- This report in portable document format and in ASCII, its tables, and related statistical data are available at the BJS World Wide Web Internet site: ------------------------------------------------ End of file 11/04/04 ih, th, mz