U.S. Department of Justice Office of Justice Programs Bureau of Justice Statistics Bulletin Federal Law Enforcement Officers, 2004 July 2006, NCJ 212750 ------------------------------------------------------- This file is text only without graphics and many of the tables. A Zip archive of the tables in this report in spreadsheet format (.cvs) and the full report including tables and graphics in .pdf format are available from: http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/abstract/fleo04.htm This report is one in a series. More recent editions may be available. To view a list of all in the series go to http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/pubalp2.htm#fleo ------------------------------------------------------- By Brian A. Reaves, Ph.D. BJS Statistician -------------------------------------------------- Highlights * Federal officers' duties included criminal investigation (38%), police response and patrol (21%), corrections and detention (16%), inspections (16%), court operations (5%), and security and protection (4%). * The largest employers of Federal officers were U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) (27,705), Federal Bureau of Prisons (15,214), the FBI (12,242), and U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) (10,399). Ten other agencies employed at least 1,000 officers. * The combined officer employment of CBP and ICE in 2004 was 21% greater than the comparable combined totals of the INS, U.S. Customs Service, and Federal Protective Service in 2002. * Women accounted for 16% of Federal officers in 2004. A third of Federal officers were members of a racial or ethnic minority in 2004. This included 17.7% who were Hispanic or Latino, and 11.4% who were black or African American. * About half of the Federal officers in the U.S. were employed in Texas (14,633), California (13,365), the District of Columbia (9,201), New York (8,159), or Florida (6,627). New Hampshire and Delaware, with 112 each, had the fewest Federal officers. * Nationwide, there were 36 Federal officers per 100,000 residents. Outside the District of Columbia, which had 1,662 per 100,000, State ratios ranged from 90 per 100,000 in Arizona to 7 per 100,000 in Iowa. ----------------------------------------------- As of September 2004, Federal agencies employed approximately 105,000 full-time personnel authorized to make arrests and carry firearms in the 50 States and the District of Columbia. Compared with 2002, employment of such personnel increased by 13%. The survey also found that about 1,500 officers were employed in U.S. Territories, primarily in Puerto Rico. No data were obtained on Federal officers stationed in foreign countries. These findings come from the 2004 Census of Federal Law Enforcement Officers conducted by the Bureau of Justice Statistics(BJS). This was the first such census conducted by BJS since legislation creating the Department of Homeland Security was signed in November 2002. The 2004 Census covered 65 agencies, including 27 offices of inspector general. The officer counts include supervisory and nonsupervisory personnel with Federal arrest authority who were also authorized (but not necessarily required) to carry firearms while on duty. They exclude officers in the U.S. Armed Forces (Army, Navy, Air Force, Marines, and Coast Guard). Because of classified information restrictions, the CIA and the Transportation Security Administration's Federal Air Marshals are also excluded. The largest number of Federal officers, 40,408, performed criminal investigation and enforcement duties (38%). The next largest category, with 22,278 officers, was police response and patrol (21%). A total of 17,280 officers performed inspections (16%)related to immigration or customs laws, and 16,530 performed corrections or detention-related duties (16%). Others had duties related to court operations (5%) or security and protection (4%). Major employers of Federal officers Agencies with 500 or more officers employed about 98,500, or 94%, of the Federal officers covered by the BJS census. Department of Homeland Security In September 2004 the U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP), with 27,705 officers in the U.S., was the largest employer of Federal law enforcement officers. CBP was established May 1, 2003, to combine the inspectional workforces and broad border authorities of the U.S. Customs Service, U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS), the U.S. Border Patrol, and the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. CBP is tasked with stopping terrorists, terrorist weapons, illegal drugs, aliens, and materials harmful to agriculture from entering at, or between, ports of entry. The CBP total included 10,895 Border Patrol officers in 2004, about 1,100, or 11%, more than in 2002. These officers perform patrol and response functions along, and in the vicinity of, the 8,000 miles of U.S. boundaries. In 2004, 89% of border control officers were stationed in the four States bordering Mexico. CBP employed nearly 17,000 officers who were INS or U.S. Customs Inspectors before the creation of DHS. These CBP officers are included in the inspections category. U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) is another major law enforcement component of DHS. ICE is organized into four major offices: Investigations, Intelligence, Detention and Removal Operations, and Federal Protective Service (FPS)(transferred from GSA in 2003). The primary mission of ICE is to prevent acts of terrorism by targeting the people, money, and materials that support terrorist and criminal activities. ICE is the largest investigative arm of DHS, and is responsible for identifying and eliminating vulnerabilities in the nation's border, economic, transportation and infrastructure security. In September 2004, ICE employed 10,399 officers with arrest and firearms authority. This included about 8,000 agents involved with criminal investigations and enforcement, about 900 officers performing detention and deportation functions, about 800 providing response and patrol services, and about 600 providing security and protection services. Included among these ICE officers were 1,119 FPS officers performing security, patrol, and investigative duties related to Federal buildings and property, and the employees and visitors using them. This was an increase of 50% over 2002 FPS levels. The combined officer employment of CBP and ICE in 2004 was 38,104, 21% more than the comparable combined totals of the INS, U.S. Customs Service, and Federal Protective Service in 2002. The next largest DHS employer, the U.S. Secret Service, had 4,769 personnel authorized to make arrests and carry firearms in 2004, an increase of 500, or 12%, over 2002. About two- thirds of Secret Service officers were special agents with investigation and enforcement duties primarily related to counterfeiting, financial crimes, computer fraud, and threats against dignitaries. Most other Secret Service officers were in the Uniformed Division. These officers provide protection for the White House complex and other Presidential offices, the Main Treasury Building and Annex, the President and Vice President and their immediate families, and foreign diplomatic missions. The Secret Service was moved to DHS from the Treasury Department in 2003. Department of Justice The Federal Bureau of Prisons (BOP), the second largest employer of Federal officers overall, and the largest in the Justice Department, employed 15,214 correctional officers in September 2004. This was about 900, or 6%, more than in 2002. These officers maintain the security of the Federal Prison System. Their duties include supervising inmates, searching for contraband, and responding to emergencies and disturbances. As of September 2004, BOP institutions had about 153,000 inmates in custody. The BJS census limited the BOP count to correctional officers and others who deal directly with inmates, such as correctional counselors and captains. Most other BOP employees have arrest and firearm authority so they may respond to emergencies and disturbances as needed. The next largest employer of Federal officers, the FBI, had 12,242 full-time personnel with arrest and firearm authority in 2004. This was about 1,000, or 9%, more than in 2002. Except for 240 FBI police officers, all were special agents, responsible for criminal investigation and enforcement. Among the FBI's stated top priorities are protecting the U.S. from terrorist attacks and from foreign intelligence operations. Other priorities include combating cyber crime, white-collar crime, violent crime, organized crime, and public corruption. Protecting civil rights also continues to be a priority. The DEA had an estimated 4,400 employees with arrest and firearm authority in the U.S. as of September 2004. This was about 400, or 10%, more than in 2002. DEA special agents investigate major narcotics violators, enforce regulations governing the manufacture and dispensing of controlled substances, and perform other functions to prevent and control drug trafficking. The U.S. Marshals Service employed 3,233 officers with arrest and firearm authority in 2004, an increase of about 600, or 22%, over 2002 levels. The Marshals Service receives all persons arrested by Federal agencies and is responsible for their custody and transportation until sentencing. With BOP assistance, it transfers sentenced Federal inmates between facilities. The Marshals Service also has jurisdiction over Federal fugitive matters concerning escaped prisoners, probation and parole violators, persons under DEA warrants, and defendants released on bond. The agency makes more than half of all Federal fugitive arrests. Other responsibilities include managing the Federal Witness Security and Federal Asset Seizure and Forfeiture Programs, and security for Federal judicial facilities and personnel. The fifth largest employer in the Department of Justice, the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives ATF),had 2,373 full-time officers with arrest and firearm authority in 2004, 2% more than in 2002. ATF enforces Federal laws related to alcohol, tobacco, firearms, explosives, and arson. ATF moved to the Department of Justice from the Department of the Treasury in 2003. Other Federal agencies employing 500 or more officers As of September 2004 the Federal Corrections and Supervision Division of the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts employed approximately 4,600 probation officers, all of whom have arrest authority. A total of 4,126 were employed in districts where the court authorizes officers to carry firearms while on duty (see the box below). The U.S. Postal Inspection Service employed 2,976 officers in 2004, 5% fewer than in 2002. About two-thirds of these officers were postal inspectors, responsible for criminal investigations covering more than 200 Federal statutes related to the postal system. The others were postal police officers who provide security for postal facilities, employees, and assets, and escort high-value mail shipments. The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) employed 2,777 special agents with arrest and firearm authority within its Criminal Investigation Division in 2004, a decrease of 3% from 2002. This law enforcement arm of the IRS is charged with enforcing the Nation's tax laws. The Veteran's Health Administration (VHA) employed 2,423 officers with arrest and firearm authority as of September 2004. This was about 50% more than in 2002 as the VHA completed its program to expand firearm authority to its entire force. These officers provide police services for VHA medical centers nationwide. The National Park Service employed 2,148 full-time personnel with arrest and firearm authority in 2004. This included 1,536 park rangers commissioned as law enforcement officers. Additional rangers serving seasonally were commissioned officers but were considered part-time and not included in the BJS census. The Park Service total also includes 612 U.S. Park Police officers. These officers work mostly in the Washington, D.C., area, but are authorized to provide police services for the entire National Park System. The U.S. Capitol Police employed 1,535 officers to provide police services for the U.S. Capitol grounds and buildings in 2004. Compared to 2002, this was an increase of 25% or about 300 officers. In 1992 Congress granted the Capitol Police full law enforcement authority in an extended jurisdiction zone covering the area immediately surrounding the Capitol complex. The Department of State's Bureau of Diplomatic Security employed an estimated 825 officers in 2004 with the primary function of protecting visiting dignitaries. This was 40% more than in 2002. The agency's special agents also investigate passport and visa fraud and threats against foreign missions in the United States, foreign dignitaries, or Federal employees. The Department of the Interior's U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service employed 708 full-time personnel with arrest and firearm authority in 2004, 8% fewer than in 2002. Nearly 3 in 4 were refuge officers, with duties related to patrol and enforcement of Federal wildlife conservation and environmental laws in the National Wildlife Refuge system. The others were special agents who investigate violations of Federal wildlife protection laws and treaties. The USDA Forest Service employed 600 law enforcement officers in 2004, a 9% decrease from 2002. These officers are charged with the protection of people and natural resources on National Forest System land visited by hundreds of millions of people each year. Forest Service law enforcement officers respond to incidents encompassing a wide range of criminal and noncriminal activity, including search and rescue, drug trafficking, and archaeological resource theft. Agencies employing fewer than 500 Federal officers Excluding offices of inspector general, 13 Federal agencies employed at least 100 but fewer than 500 personnel with arrest and firearm authority. The Department of Defense (DOD) employed 482 officers in its Pentagon Force Protection Agency (PFPA) as of September 2004, an increase of 155, or 47%, over 2002. The PFPA, formerly the Defense Protective Service(DPS), was established in May 2004 to expand on the DPS mission of basic law enforcement and security to provide force protection against the full spectrum of potential threats. The PFPA provides services to the 280-acre "Pentagon Reservation" and other DOD activities and facilities in the National Capital Region. The U.S. Mint, a bureau of the Department of the Treasury, employed 376 officers within its Police Division in 2004, about the same as in 2002. These officers provide police and patrol services for U.S. Mint facilities, including safeguarding the Nation's coinage and gold bullion reserves. The Department of the Interior's Bureau of Indian Affairs employed 320 officers to provide police services in Indian country in 2004, 4% fewer than in 2002. Many tribal governments operate their own police departments. The National Railroad Passenger Corporation, or Amtrak, employed 317 full-time officers within its Police Division in 2004, 3% fewer than in 2002. These officers provide police response and patrol, and investigative services for the national railroad system. The Department of Energy employed 292 personnel with arrest and firearm authority in its Office of Secure Transportation in 2004. This was an increase of 80 officers, or 38%, over 2002. These nuclear materials couriers protect nuclear weapon shipments from the manufacturer to designated locations. The Department of the Interior's Bureau of Land Management (BLM)employed 249 officers with arrest and firearm authority in 2004, 6% more than in 2002. About three-fourths were BLM rangers, providing police response and patrol services, and a fourth were criminal investigators. BLM manages 264 million acres of surface lands and 300 million acres of below ground mineral estate. The Bureau of Engraving and Printing (BEP) employed 234 officers in 2004, 20% more than in 2002. These officers provide police services for BEP facilities including those where currency, stamps, securities, and other official U.S. documents are made. In 2004 the Environmental Protection Agency employed 209 special agents with arrest and firearm authority within its Criminal Investigation Division, 5% fewer than in 2002. These officers investigate violations of the Nation's environmental laws. The Food and Drug Administration employed 177 criminal investigators with arrest and firearm authority in 2004, 9% more than in 2002. These officers investigate violations of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act and other public health laws. The Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) employed 168 personnel with arrest and firearm authority in 2004, a 15% decrease since 2002. TVA police officers provide patrol and investigative services for TVA employees and properties, and the users of TVA recreational facilities. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Marine Fisheries Service employed 141 officers with arrest and firearm authority in 2004, a 7% increase from 2002. These special agents enforce Federal laws and regulations that protect the Nation's living marine resources. The U.S. Supreme Court employed an estimated 125 officers on its police force in 2004, 25% more than in 2000, the last year for which data were provided to BJS. The Supreme Court police provide security for the Justices, the Supreme Court building and grounds, and other Court employees. The Library of Congress employed 116 officers on its police force in 2004, 9% fewer than in 2002. These officers provide law enforcement services in the library's buildings, protect staff and patrons, and assist in the protection of the library's property and collections. Excluding offices of inspector general, 8 Federal agencies employed fewer than 100 personnel with arrest and firearm authority: Offices of inspector general Twenty-seven of the 57 statutory Federal offices of inspector general (IG) employed criminal investigators with arrest and firearm authority in September 2004. Overall, these agencies employed 2,867 such officers in the 50 States and the District of Columbia. Offices of inspector general investigate criminal violations. They also prevent and detect fraud, waste, and abuse related to Federal programs, operations, and employees. For links to various IG offices' Internet homepages and a description of their duties go to . As of September 2004 the Office of the Inspector General for the Department of Health and Human Services (374) was the largest IG employer of Federal officers with arrest and firearm authority. Next largest was the Treasury Inspector General for Tax Administration (TIGTA), with 330 officers. After TIGTA the largest IG employers of personnel with arrest and firearm authority were in the Department of Defense (326), the Social Security Administration (279), the Department of Housing and Urban Development (213), and the Department of Agriculture (170). Gender and race of Federal officers Agencies with 500 or more officers Women accounted for 16.1% of Federal officers with arrest and firearm authority officers overall. About a third of Federal officers were members of a racial or ethnic minority (33.2%). Hispanics or Latinos accounted for 17.7%, non-Hispanic blacks or African Americans, 11.4%, Asians or Pacific Islanders, 3.0%, and American Indians, 1.1%. Among agencies with 500 or more officers, the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts(44%)and the IRS (30%) employed the largest percentage of women. Excluding the U.S. Courts, which did not provide gender data in 2002, the percentage of Federal officers who were women increased slightly from 14.8% in 2002 to 14.9% in 2004. Other agencies where at least a sixth of the officers were women included the U.S. Postal Inspection Service (19.6%), U.S. Capitol Police (18.8%), FBI (18.5%), National Park Service, Ranger Division (18.2%) and USDA Forest Service (17.5%). Women comprised less than a tenth of the officers employed by the Veterans Health Administration(6.9%), the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service(8.7%), and the DEA (8.9%). Among agencies with at least 500 officers, U.S. Customs and Border Protection(CBP)(46.8%)had the largest minority percentage. About two-fifths of the officers at the Veterans Health Administration (40.1%) and the Federal Bureau of Prisons (39.7%) were members of a racial or ethnic minority. The next largest minority percentages were at the U.S. Postal Inspection Service (36.4%), U.S. Capitol Police (34.7%), U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement(ICE)(33.9%), and Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts (32.2%). The lowest percentages were at the National Park Service, Ranger Division (10.3%), and the Fish and Wildlife Service (13.6%). The highest percentages of Hispanic officers were found at CBP (36.9%) and ICE (22.0%). The highest percentages of black officers were at the U.S. Capitol Police (28.9%), Veterans Health Administration (26.8%), Bureau of Prisons (24.2%), and Postal Inspection Service (21.6%). The Forest Service(6.5%)employed the highest percentage of American Indians followed by the Fish and Wildlife Service (3.5%). The Postal Inspection Service (4.7%), IRS (4.5%), and CBP (4.2%) had the highest percentages of Asians and Pacific Islanders. Agencies with at least 100 but fewer than 500 officers Among smaller agencies the U.S. Mint (27.8%), National Marine Fisheries Service(27.1%), and the Library of Congress (25.6%) had the highest percentages of female officers. The Energy Department's Office of Secure Transportation (OST) (0.3%), the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) (5.9%), and the Amtrak Police (9.1%)had the lowest. A majority of the law enforcement officers employed by the BIA (99.4%), Library of Congress (80.2%), Bureau of Engraving and Printing (65.8%), and Pentagon Force Protection Agency (PFPA) (58.1%) were members of a racial or ethnic minority. The Library of Congress (77.6%), Bureau of Engraving and Printing 55.1%), and PFPA(50.2%)had the highest percentage of Black officers. OST (16.4%)had the most Hispanics and BIA (99.1%) had the most American Indians. Offices of inspector general Overall, 24.4% of IG investigators were women, and 23.5% were members of a racial or ethnic minority. African Americans or blacks (10.8%) comprised the largest minority percentage followed by Hispanics or Latinos (8.8%), Asians or Pacific Islanders (2.9%), and American Indians (0.7%). Among IG offices employing 100 or more investigators, Health and Human Services (HHS)(31.5%), Agriculture (30.6%), and Housing and Urban Development (HUD) (29.4%) had the highest percentages of women. The lowest percentages were found at Homeland Security (14.5%), Veterans Affairs (16.4%), and Defense (18.4%). The largest overall percentages of minorities were found at HUD (30.3%) and Homeland Security (29.7%). The Treasury IG for Tax Administration (13.6%) and the Department of Transportation (13.0%) employed the most blacks or African Americans, and Homeland Security (19.6%) had the highest percentage of Hispanics or Latinos. Justice(4.6%)had the most Asians or Pacific Islanders. Where Federal officers worked By State Fifty percent of all Federal officers with arrest and firearm authority were employed in Texas(14,633),California (13,365), the District of Columbia(9,201), New York(8,159), or Florida (6,627). These locations accounted for 52% of the 61,922 full-time Federal officers performing patrol or criminal investigation functions. Other States with at least 2,000 Federal officers included Arizona (5,143), Virginia (4,086), Pennsylvania (3,436), Illinois(2,988),Georgia(2,500),New Jersey(2,453), Michigan (2,260)and Washington (2,042). Delaware and New Hampshire, with 112 each, had the smallest number of full-time Federal officers, followed by Rhode Island (151), Wyoming (215), and Iowa (219). Nationwide, there were 36 Federal officers with arrest and firearm authority per 100,000 residents. The District of Columbia, the location of many agency headquarters, had the most, 1,662 per 100,000. States with at least 50 officers per 100,000 residents included Arizona (90), North Dakota (78), Vermont(70), Montana(68), New Mexico(67), Texas(65), Alaska (61), Virginia (55), and Hawaii (54). In addition to the District of Columbia (1,372), 9 States had, for every 100,000 residents, at least 25 Federal officers performing patrol and investigative functions: Arizona (67), New Mexico (51), Montana (42), Virginia (42), Alaska (39), Texas (38), Wyoming (37), North Dakota (34), and Vermont (26). Three States had fewer than 10 Federal officers per 100,000 residents: Iowa (7), New Hampshire (9), and Wisconsin (9). Ten States had fewer than 10 officers per 100,000 residents performing patrol or investigative functions: Iowa (5), Wisconsin(5),Indiana(6), New Hampshire(6), North Carolina (7), Minnesota (8), Ohio (8), Connecticut (9),Kentucky (9), and South Carolina (9). By agency U.S. Customs and Border Protection employed a majority of its officers in Texas (27%), California (19%), and Arizona (11%). New York (8%)and Florida (6%) were next highest. More than a third of Federal Bureau of Prisons correctional officers were employed in Texas (11%), California (9%), Pennsylvania (8%), and Florida (7%). Kentucky and New York had 5% each. The District of Columbia (13%), California (11%), New York (10%), and Virginia (10%)accounted for more than two-fifths of FBI agents. Other major States of employment included Texas (7%) and Florida (5%). U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement employed about a third of its officers in California (17%) and Texas (16%). Next highest were Florida (10%) and New York (9%). More than a third of Federal probation officers with arrest and firearm authority were in Texas (14%), New York (8%), Florida (8%), or California (5%). The Marshals Service had a fourth of its officers based in Texas (9%), California (8%) or New York (8%). The District of Columbia (7%), Florida (6%), and Virginia (5%) were next. About 3 in 10 Postal Inspection Service officers were in New York (16%) and California(13%). Pennsylvania and Maryland had 7% each, while Illinois, Texas and New Jersey accounted for 6% each. The IRS had the largest number of its investigators in California (12%). The next highest numbers were in New York and Texas with 8% each, followed by Georgia and Florida with 7% each. The VHA had the most police officers with arrest and firearm authority in New York(10%), followed by California(8%). Florida, Texas, and Pennsylvania had 6% each. ATF based nearly a third of its agents in Texas (8%), California (8%), the District of Columbia (7%) or Florida (6%). Virginia, New York, and Illinois had 5% each. The District of Columbia (19%) and California (11%) accounted for 3 in 10 National Park Service (NPS) personnel with arrest and firearm authority. Next were New York and Arizona with 7% each. Most of the NPS officers in the District and New York were employed by the U.S. Park Police. Alaska, California and Texas each accounted for 6% of U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service personnel with arrest and firearm authority. Next highest were Virginia, Florida, and North Dakota with 5% each. The USDA Forest Service employed nearly a fifth of its law enforcement officers in California (19%). Next were Oregon and Montana with 7% each. ---------------------------------------- Exhibit A. Training for Federal officers A majority of Federal officers receive some or all of their training through the Federal Law Enforcement Training Center (FLETC). Among the exceptions are special agents with the FBI and DEA, who complete basic training at their respective academies in Quantico, Virginia. The FLETC, previously a bureau of the Department of the Treasury, became a part of the Department of Homeland Security during 2003. It serves more than 70 Federal agencies, as well as State, local, and international law enforcement communities. About half of FLETC training instructors are permanent employees. The remainder are Federal officers on short- term assignment from participating agencies. The basic training requirements for Federal officers vary by agency and by position within agencies. Overall, the FLETC offers more than 100 different agency-specific training programs. In fiscal 2004, the FLETC provided about 150,000 student weeks of training to nearly 45,000 personnel. Of the total student weeks, 74% were in basic programs. The FLETC Glynco facility provided 71% of all training as measured in student weeks. The FLETC Artesia Training Division in New Mexico accounted for 13% of student training weeks. FLETC-Artesia is responsible for advanced and specialized training programs for the United States Border Patrol, Bureau of Indian Affairs, Transportation Security Administration, and other partnering organizations. The FLETC facility in Charleston, South Carolina accounted for 10% of student training weeks. In December 2004 the U.S. Coast Guard officially consolidated its Maritime Law Enforcement School and its Boarding Team Member School into a new Coast Guard Maritime Law Enforcement Academy in Charleston. The Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts, Federal Probation and Pretrial Services established its academy at FLETC-Charleston in January 2005. A fourth FLETC training facility opened in Cheltenham, Maryland in 2004, to provide advanced and in-service firearms and vehicle operations requalification and other continuing professional training to over 18,000 Federal law enforcement officers in the Washington, D.C. Area. It is also the home of the U.S. Capitol Police Training Academy. The FLETC also provides a wide range of training courses at export training sites around the country which accounted for 3% of training hours. In addition the FLETC operates facilities in Botswana and Costa Rica. CBP record the most student weeks trained through the FLETC during FY 2004, about 49,000. This included about 19,000 weeks of training for Border Patrol agents. ICE had the second most training, about 21,000 student weeks. Other agencies with large numbers of training weeks included: Immigration and Customs Enforcement, 21,371; Air Force Office of Special Investigations, 5,705; Bureau of Prisons, 5,559; Customs and Immigration Services, 5,518; U.S. Secret Service, 5,397; Internal Revenue Service, 5,036; Transportation Security Administration, 3,999; and Bureau of Indian Affairs, 3,546. Source: FLETC 2004 Annual Report ------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------ Exhibit B. Growth in Department of Homeland Security Agencies U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) and U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), the two major law enforcement components of the Department of Homeland Security created in 2002, were significantly larger in 2004 than their pre-DHS predecessors were 8 years earlier. For example, CBP's U.S. Border Patrol, formerly part of Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS), roughly doubled in size in 8 years-—from 5,441 officers in 1996 to 10,895 in 2004. In addition to the 100% increase in the Border Patrol, there were 75% more customs and immigration inspectors in the CBP in 2004 (16,786) than the combined number of inspectors employed by the INS and the Customs Service in 1996 (9,598). The number of ICE criminal investigators in 2004 was 49% greater than the combined number of INS and Customs agents in 1996, increasing from 5,399 to 8,029. The Federal Protective Service, moved from GSA to ICE in 2003, had 74% more officers in 2004(1,119)than in 1996(643). After the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, the newly created Transportation Security Administration conducted a major expansion of the Federal Air Marshals program, training and hiring thousands of officers to provide security on commercial airline flights. Since the expansion began, exact employment numbers have not been available, but recent estimates place them in the 3,000-4,000 range. ------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------ Exhibit C. Federal law enforcement officers killed or assaulted, 2004 The Uniform Crime Reports Division of the FBI publishes data annually on law enforcement officers killed or assaulted in the United States and its territories. Agencies participating in the Law Enforcement Officers Killed and Assaulted (LEOKA) provided data on 681 assaults on Federal officers that occurred during 2004. A total of 144, or 21%, of these assaults resulted in personal injury to the officer. No Federal officers were feloniously killed during the year. Nearly half of assaults on Federal officers occurred during patrol or guard duty (47%). Twenty percent were assaulted making an arrest or serving a summons and 13% while conducting an investigation or search. About 39% of these assaults involved the use of personal weapons such as hands, fists, or feet. About 20% involved threats, 10% firearms, and 10% the use a vehicle. Among assaults resulting in injury to an officer, 69% involved personal weapons, 13% a vehicle, and 5% a firearm. Based on agencies providing 2004 LEOKA data, the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) had the highest assault rate per 100 officers, 33.8. The next highest rates were at the National Park Service (5.2), the U.S. Marshals Service (1.5), and U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) (0.9). Although not broken out in LEOKA, data indicate that most assaults against CBP officers involve Border Patrol agents — resulting in an assault rate for the Border Patrol that is considerably higher than the overall rate for the CBP. When only assaults that resulted in death or injury are considered, the BIA had a rate of 5.3 per 100, more than three times the next highest rate of 1.5 per 100 at the National Park Service. ----------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Methodological notes Bureau of Prisons (BOP) officers and other staff are authorized to make arrests on or off BOP premises for assault of an officer, escape, or assisting escape; on BOP premises for theft, depredation or destruction of property, contraband, mutiny or riot, or trespassing; and on BOP premises for other offenses to safeguard security, good order, or government property. BOP policy provides that such an arrest may be made when staff has probable cause to believe that a person has committed one of these offenses and there is likelihood of the person escaping before a warrant can be issued. The DEA provided aggregate data for agents worldwide by race and gender. Using prior years, an estimate for the U.S. and its territories was derived from these data. State employment totals are estimated based on the distribution of DEA agents by State as reported to BJS in 2002. The race and gender data were derived by applying the percentages from the worldwide data to estimated totals for the U.S. and its territories. The Secret Service did not provide State employment totals. They were estimated using State populations. The Bureau of Diplomatic Security provided aggregate data and race and gender data for FY 2005. These were combined with 2002 data to produce estimates for 2004. The U.S. Supreme Court Police did not provide any data for 2002 or 2004. An estimated total for 2004 was derived from other sources and the race and gender totals were estimated using data provided by the Supreme Court Police to BJS in 2000. --------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- The Bureau of Justice Statistics is the statistical agency of the U.S. Department of Justice. Jeffrey L. Sedgwick is director. BJS Bulletins present the first release of findings from permanent data collection programs. This Bulletin was written by Brian Reaves. Tina Dorsey and Marianne Zawitz edited the report. Jayne Robinson prepared the report for final printing. July 2006, NCJ 212750 ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ This report in portable document format and in ASCII and its related statistical data and tables are available at the BJS World Wide Web Internet site: ------------------------------------ End of file 07/25/06 ih